Safety Device for Elevator

专利摘要:
The present invention relates to a safety device of an elevator, and in particular, by installing a safety device on the guide roller of the upper or lower part of the elevator so that the elevator can be safely located on the desired floor number in case of danger of free fall, etc. It is about. The present invention utilizes a brake shoe for holding the guide rails installed on both sides of the elevator car by using a solenoid installed on the upper or lower portion of the elevator car and a core operated by the solenoid and a lever moving through the same to achieve the above object. It is characterized by stopping the elevator car reliably.
公开号:KR20020038605A
申请号:KR1020020004524
申请日:2002-01-25
公开日:2002-05-23
发明作者:김석보
申请人:김석보；대성에레베이터 주식회사；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Safety Device for Elevator
[13] The present invention relates to a safety device of an elevator, and in particular, by installing a safety device on both sides of the upper or lower bottom plate of the elevator car so that the elevator can be located in a safe position or occupants desired floor number when the risk of free fall, etc. It is about the safety device of an elevator.
[14] In general, in the case of an elevator car, the door is opened before the elevator car stops completely.
[15] In addition, the rope is stretched as the passenger gets off at the stop, and if the step difference between the elevator car and the floor of the platform increases, the elevator car is driven in the middle of the car to make the step difference small.
[16] Since this operation is performed when the door is open, if the control device breaks down during this operation, the passenger who is getting off may be caught between the elevator car and the floor of the platform and fall into the hoistway, which is very dangerous.
[17] Therefore, when the control device is broken, it is necessary to immediately apply emergency control to stop the elevator car to ensure the safety of the passengers.
[18] In the conventional elevator safety device, the balance weight is provided so as to be balanced with the pickup. However, since the balance weight is connected to the emergency stop device (braking device) by an emergency stop operating rod or the like, the balance of the connected device is not balanced. As a result, a displacement is generated in the pickup due to a force applied to the cage such as cage vibration (passing down of the passenger), and there is a problem that a malfunction is likely to occur.
[19] In a conventional elevator safety device, the pickup is provided at one end of the arm and the balance weight is installed at the other end of the arm, so that the balance is balanced. Therefore, the force in the downward direction for releasing the emergency stop from normal operation is applied. Even if the emergency stop device was to dig into the guide rail after the emergency stop device was operated, there was a problem that it could not be simply returned to the initial state.
[20] In a conventional elevator safety device, when the cage speed fluctuates violently and violently due to passengers getting on or off, or when a passenger jumps inside the cage, the pick-up part becomes large, causing the safety device to malfunction. Since the governor and the emergency stop device are disposed above or below the cage, the overall safety as a safety device has been a problem, and the cage may be actually used during the operation inspection or maintenance inspection during local installation or maintenance. We had to check the movement by moving, and it was difficult to inspect or check and dangerous.
[21] The elevator is also equipped with an automatic braking device that acts as a safety device designed to stop the elevator when its speed increases significantly.
[22] Conventionally, a braking device used is a gripper type brake that grips a guide rail. Typically, safety devices are used to stop the downward motion. Such gripping brakes can be used for other reasons, for example, to stop the elevator if an operation error occurs in the elevator leaving the door area with the door open. The basic structure of a conventional brake, that is, a safety device for holding a guide rail, is as follows. The safety frame includes a hollow with a braking surface facing the guide rail located in the hollow. Also located in the hollow is a wedge or roller mounted on a track in the hollow and driven against the elevator guide rail when the safety device is activated. An elevator guide rail is located between the braking surface and the wedge or roller. The track is formed such that when the wedge or roller is moved in the direction of the guide rail on the track, the guide rail presses against the braking surface by the wedge or roller to generate a braking action to stop the car. The safety device can also be mounted on the counterweight.
[23] The pressure applied to the guide rail by the safety device is set by a spring. Through friction between the braking surface and the guide rail, the magnitude of the pressing force determines the deceleration of the elevator. The use of spring pressurization compensates for changes in the pressing force that occurs during deceleration. A commonly used safety device is a U-shaped spring made of spring steel whose wedges are driven between the ends of the spring when the safety device is activated. This type of safety device also typically has a release wedge for easier disengagement from the guide rail. However, these U-shaped safety devices open during gripping action, which causes the braking surface to only partially come into contact with the guide rails. Moreover, a drawback of this type of safety device is its large size and its high price. The elasticity of the pressure applied to the guide rail by the safety device is achieved by using a separate spring. Safety devices are complex to assemble, including many separate parts. These safety devices are lighter but more expensive than the previous safety device types. Since the length of the safety device is an important factor influencing the size, operation, price and the safety of the safety device, in order to reduce the length of the safety device, a number of safety devices employing a roller to engage the guide rail with a roller track having a tilt change Has been used.
[24] The purpose of using a steep slope change at the beginning of a track is to quickly eliminate the gap between the guide rail and the friction surface of the safety device in the early stages of the safety device's operation. The inclination of the first part of the track is such that the steep track jeopardizes the roller lift relative to the part of the track that generates the actual braking force, so that the part of the track that generates the braking force in moving the roller using the larger force away from the speed governor. It cannot be greatly increased to ensure the rise of the rollers. However, the force obtained from the speed governor cannot be greatly increased because even the elevator structure and safety regulations impose upper and lower limits of the force generated by the speed governor for triggering the safety device.
[25] In order to solve the various problems as described above, the elevator safety device of the elevator using a wedge is known, which will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[26] As shown in FIG. 1, a sling 3 is erected and fixed to the crosshead 2 provided above the hoist 1, and a separate hitch device is attached to the sling 3. Is connected to the hitting rod (4), the lower end of the sling (3) is connected to the hitching rod (4) is provided with a wedge device (A) for stopping the fall of the elevator (1).
[27] As illustrated in FIG. 2, the wedge device A is fixed to the inner side of the body 5 at both ends of the guides 6 and 6 'at a predetermined inclination angle, and connected to the hitching rod 4. A fixed wave 9 having wedges 8 and 8 'contacting the inner surfaces of the guides 6 and 6' is fixed to the lower end of the lifting rod 7, which is a fixed rod. As shown in FIG. 3, between the wedges 8 and 8 ', the guide rail 10 is positioned so that the wedge is lifted by the fixing plate 9 due to the rising of the hitting rod 4. As the space between (8) and (8 ') becomes narrow, the guide rail 10 is firmly held.
[28] When the elevator safety device of the elevator using the wedge as described above falls above the normal speed due to various causes, etc. during the driving of the elevator 1, a mechanical governor is operated to cross the head of the elevator 1 (2) to hold the governor rope, at this time, the hitch device installed in the crosshead (2) is operated to eventually pull the hitching rod (4) upwards, thus pulling the hitching rod (4) upwards The force is transmitted by the lifting rod 7 and raises the fixed plate 9 of the wedge device A, wherein both wedges 8, 8 'of the fixed plate 9 are both guides 6, 6 ') Is guided and raised so that the space between them is narrowed, thereby holding the guide rails 10 as described above, so that the elevator car 1 does not lower any more and remains stationary.
[29] However, the elevator safety device of the elevator using the wedge is installed even in a place where the depth of the pit is not enough by installing the wedge device A in the lower part of the elevator 1 to stop the abnormal fall of the elevator 1. Not only can there be an advantage of preventing the fall of the elevator (1) to mitigate the impact of the elevator (1), but in order to drive the wedge device (A) to install a separate governor in the machine room, Due to the complicated structure, such as the need for a hitch device, the production cost is lowered, the manufacturing cost is increased, and as the configuration is complicated, various functions of the wedge device A are not performed smoothly.
[30] In general, a limit switch and a limit cam are used to prevent the elevator car from colliding with the top of the hoistway or the bottom of the hoistway during operation of the elevator.
[31] 4 is a block diagram of a conventional apparatus showing the upper part of the hoistway. The final limit switch 11 is installed at the upper end of the hoistway, the limit cam 12 is fixed to the elevator car 1, and the final limit at the lower end of the hoistway. The switch is installed.
[32] Therefore, when the elevator car 1 rises or falls above the limit position, the limit cam 12 activates the final limit switch 11, and when the final limit switch 11 is operated, the brake coil 13 installed in the machine room is applied. At the same time as the power supply is stopped, the brake 14 grabs the brake drum 15 to stop the rotation of the pulley 17 driven by the motor 16.
[33] Therefore, the elevator car 1 is prevented from colliding with the machine room at the top of the hoistway or the bottom of the hoistway.
[34] However, in the conventional apparatus as described above, when the liner of the brake 14 is worn out or rust is generated on the brake drum 15, slippage occurs even when the brake drum is operated by the final limit switch. As a result, the elevator car 1 collides with the upper or lower end of the hoistway, thereby damaging the elevator car, and of course there is a risk of human accident.
[35] The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above,
[36] It is an object of the present invention to maintain a state of motionless movement through reliable braking at the correct position when the elevator stops on the desired floor.
[37] In addition, an object of the present invention is to prevent the upper or lower part of the elevator from hitting the building or the machine room by the upper and lower limit switches installed at a certain position of the top and bottom of the elevator passage when the elevator moves up and down. The purpose.
[38] In addition, an object of the present invention is to prevent the elevator from falling freely by operating the brake in accordance with the operation of the cutting detection switch installed in the rope when the rope to move the elevator up and down.
[39] In addition, the purpose of the safe operation of the elevator by operating the brakes by measuring the overspeed of the elevator rising and falling speed over a predetermined speed.
[40] The present invention uses a solenoid installed on the bracket of the upper or lower bottom plate of the elevator car and a core operated by the solenoid to move the guide rails installed on both sides of the elevator car to achieve the above object. A brake shoe is used to reliably stop the elevator car.
[1] 1 is a front view of a safety device of a general elevator.
[2] 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1;
[3] 3 is a schematic view showing the operation of FIG.
[4] Figure 4 is a block diagram of the upper part of the hoistway showing a conventional apparatus.
[5] 5 is a plan view showing a safety device of the present invention.
[6] Figure 6 is a front view showing the safety device of the present invention.
[7] Figure 7 is a front view showing the overall installation of the safety device of the present invention.
[8] ※ Explanation of the main symbols in the drawing
[9] 21: solenoid 22,22 ': core
[10] 18, 18 ': Lever 24, 24': Brake shoe
[11] 22: guide rail 23, 23 ': spring
[12] 31: brake pads 28: bracket
[41] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[42] In the description of the present invention, the same or equivalent parts as in the prior art will be described with the same reference numerals.
[43] 5 is a plan view as seen from the bottom surface of the elevator car is installed elevator safety device of the present invention, Figure 6 is a front view as seen from the bottom surface of the elevator car is installed elevator safety device of the present invention.
[44] As shown, a pair of cores 20 and 20 'driven by the solenoid 29 and the solenoid 29 installed on the bracket 28 of the lower surface 27 of the elevator and a pair of hinges by the movement of the core A pair of levers 18 and 18 'rotatable about (19, 19') and brake shoes 24 and 24 'for holding the guide rails 22 to stop the elevator as the lever moves, It consists of four springs 23 and 23 'which move to a position, and the above device is operated under the control of a control box installed in the machine room. The above devices are located in the lower part of the elevator and are installed in pairs on the left and right sides of the elevator car to hold the guide rails installed on both sides of the elevator along the hoistway. Sometimes, the upper part of the elevator is installed to serve as a braking device and a safety device. It may also be the case.
[45] Hereinafter, the specific operation of the safety device of the elevator of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[46] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[47] A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 5 as follows.
[48] When the elevator is normally operated and moved up and down to the desired floor by the user's request, even if the elevator is shaken or stopped at the correct position when the elevator is stopped by the control box of the machine room Or other factors may cause the elevator to leave the stop position. In such a case, the safety device of the present invention applies the control signal of the control box to the solenoid 21 in a normal operation state such as when the elevator is normally raised or lowered by the control of the control box, so that the core of the solenoid ( 20, 20 'act as a pulling force, so the levers 18, 18' rotate about the pair of hinges 19, 19 ', and as a result, the brake shoes 24, 24' are rotated. Away from the guide rail 22. On the other hand, when the elevator stops at the desired floor according to the user's request, the electricity supply to the solenoid furnace 21 is cut off under the control of the control box receiving the signal of the floor discrimination sensor 32, and the supply of electricity is stopped. The cores 20 and 20 'of the solenoid move the brake shoes 24 and 24' by the force of the four springs 23 and 23 'to be in close contact with the guide rails. The brake pad 31 installed in the brake has a result of grabbing the guide rail with strong force, and the elevator stops at a desired position.
[49] A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
[50] The final limit switch 11 is provided in the upper end of the hoistway in which the elevator rises or descends, the limit cam 12 is fixed to the elevator car 1, and the final limit switch is installed in the lower end of the hoistway.
[51] Therefore, when a dangerous situation occurs in which the elevator car 1 rises or falls above the limit position, the limit cam 12 installed in the elevator operates the final limit switch 11 and the final limit switch 11. If the operation is to cut off the current supply to the solenoid installed on the lower plate of the elevator car under the control of the control box installed in the machine room, it is possible to safely stop the elevator by operating the brake by the operation as in the first embodiment. . Therefore, the elevator can be safely operated without departing from within a certain range of up and down.
[52] According to the third embodiment of the present invention, when the rope connected by the motor for driving the elevator is cut, the cutting sensor 33 of the rope detects the cutting of the rope and outputs a signal to the control box of the machine room. By controlling the safety device of the present invention by controlling the elevator will be able to save the elevator from free fall. As the cut detection sensor operates, it is possible to safely stop the elevator by stopping the current supply to the solenoid installed on the lower plate of the elevator.
[53] The fourth embodiment of the present invention is to install a speed sensor (not shown) for detecting the speed of the elevator car when the rising or falling over the specified speed is the safety of the present invention by the control of the control box received the output of the sensor The device will be activated.
[54] Advantages achieved by the present invention are as follows. Compared with the existing elevators, the governor and the necessary devices for braking the elevators are not required, so the structure is simple and does not require a lot of space, so it is easy to install and the layout of the elevator can be easily arranged. In particular, despite the simple structure of the safety device, braking can be performed reliably and quickly at the start of braking, and maintains almost no noise to increase passenger convenience and accommodate a small number of separate parts. Therefore, the manufacturing cost is low, and the maintenance of the elevator is less advantageous. In addition, it is possible to secure the safety of the passenger by stopping the elevator in any situation because it is expected to be able to operate the safety device according to the expected various dangerous situations.

权利要求:
Claims (5)
[1" claim-type="Currently amended] In the safety device of the lifting elevator,
A solenoid 21 installed on the lower rack 28 of the elevator lower plate and operated by control of a control box of a machine room;
A pair of cores 20 and 20 'moving according to the operation of the solenoid 21,
Levers 18 and 18 'rotatable in response to movement of the cores 20 and 20' about hinges 19 and 19 'installed on the bracket 28;
Brate shoe (24, 24 ') is installed at the tip of the lever (18, 18') to hold the guide rail 22 installed along the hoistway,
Four springs 23 and 23 'for pushing the brake shoes 24 and 24' and sensors 11, 32 and 33 for detecting various states of the elevator are provided. The brake shoe has a braking force by grasping the guide rail by cutting off and supplying the current of the solenoid according to a control signal.
Safety device of lifting elevator
[2" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
The sensor is a floor discrimination sensor 32, the safety device of the elevator for elevator, characterized in that to secure the stop of the elevator by outputting the signal of the sensor when it stops at the position of the desired floor in the normal operation state
[3" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
The sensor is a sensor 33 for detecting the cutting of the rope to pull the elevator, when detecting the cutting of the rope outputs a signal to operate the safety device of the lifting elevator, characterized in that to prevent the free fall of the elevator safety device
[4" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
The sensor is a safety device for elevating elevator, characterized in that the speed sensor for detecting whether the speed is detected by detecting the speed of the elevator.
[5" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
The sensor is a safety device of the elevator for lifting, characterized in that the limit sensor 11 for detecting the rising and lowering position of the elevator by installing at the top and bottom of the elevator hoistway

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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KR100429303B1|2004-05-03|

引用文献:

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公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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法律状态:
2002-01-25|Application filed by 김석보, 대성에레베이터 주식회사

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2002-01-25|Priority to KR10-2002-0004524A

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2002-05-23|Publication of KR20020038605A

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2004-05-03|Application granted

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2004-05-03|Publication of KR100429303B1

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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KR10-2002-0004524A|KR100429303B1|2002-01-25|2002-01-25|Safety Device for Elevator|